Cholesterol Research Today is a free monthly online journal that collates and summarizes the latest research about Cholesterol, including details on high cholesterol, hdl, ldl, diet, risks. | ||||||||
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Regulation of Na+/H+ exchanger 1 allosteric balance by its localization in cholesterol- and caveolin-rich membrane microdomains.Tekpli X, Huc L, Lacroix J, Rissel M, Poët M, Noël J, Dimanche-Boitrel MT, Counillon L, Lagadic-Gossmann D INSERM U620, Equipe Labellisée Ligue contre Le Cancer, Rennes Cedex, France. The Na+/H+ exchanger 1, which plays an essential role in intracellular pH regulation in most tissues, is also known to be a key actor in both proliferative and apoptotic processes. Its activation by H+ is best described by the Monod-Wyman-Changeux model: the dimeric NHE-1 oscillates between a low and a high affinity conformation, the balance between the two forms being defined by the allosteric constant L(0). In this study, influence of cholesterol- and caveolin-rich microdomains on NHE-1 activity was examined by using cholesterol depleting agents, including methyl-beta-cyclodextrin (MBCD). These agents activated NHE-1 by modulating its L(0) parameter, which was reverted by cholesterol repletion. This activation was associated with NHE-1 relocation outside microdomains, and was distinct from NHE-1 mitogenic and hormonal stimulation; indeed MBCD and serum treatments were additive, and serum alone did not change NHE-1 localization. Besides, MBCD activated a serum-insensitive, constitutively active mutated NHE-1 ((625)KDKEEEIRK(635) into KNKQQQIRK). Finally, the membrane-dependent NHE-1 regulation occurred independently of Mitogen Activated Protein Kinases, especially Extracellular Regulated Kinase activation, although this kinase was activated by MBCD. In conclusion, localization of NHE-1 in membrane cholesterol- and caveolin-rich microdomains constitutes a novel physiological negative regulator of NHE-1 activity. Published 29 April 2008 in J Cell Physiol, 216(1): 207-20.
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